Pyramid complex of the king Pepi I (VI dynasty) is a unique scientific object. It was here the first time in the history of Egyptology were discovered inscriptions, known since then as the Pyramid Texts. This article is devoted to the history of investigation of the pyramid complex of the king Pepi I from its discovery to the present day. Thanks to the hard work of scientists - participants in the beginning of a small expedition turned eventually to the French archaeological mission in Saqqara - this ancient complex, almost completely destroyed, have risen from the ruins and became a monument of exceptional historical and cultural significance.